What is a pressure sensor?

 

 

Pressure sensors are used for control and monitoring in thousands of everyday applications. We commonly measure the pressure of liquids, air, and other gases, amongst other things. They can also be used to indirectly measure other variables such as fluid/gas flow, speed, water level, and altitude.

A pressure sensor simply monitors this pressure and can display it in one of the several units known around the world. This is commonly the “Pascal”, “Bar”, and “PSI” (Pounds per Square Inch).

Pressure sensors can alternatively be called pressure transducers, pressure transmitters, pressure senders, pressure indicators, piezometers and manometers, among other names.

 

How does Pressure Sensor Work?

A pressure sensor converts the pressure to a small electrical signal that is transmitted and displayed.

Two common signals that are used is a 4 to 20 milliamps signal and a 0 to 5 Volts signal.

 

Types of pressure measurements

There are four types that we use in the industry.

 

First being “Gauge Pressure”.

This is measured in reference to atmospheric pressure which is typically 14.7 PSI.

You will show a “positive” pressure when it is above atmospheric pressure and a “negative” when it is below atmospheric pressure.

 

The next type is “Absolute Pressure”.

Simply put, this is the pressure as measured against absolute vacuum. A full vacuum will have an absolute pressure of zero PSIa and increase from there.

If you need to read a pressure that is lower than atmospheric pressure, this is the type of sensor you would use.

 

The third type that is commonly monitored in the industry is “Differential pressure”.

This is exactly what it sounds like, the difference between two pressures, a pressure being measured and a reference pressure.

 

The last type that is "Sealed pressure sensor".

This sensor is similar to a gauge pressure sensor except that it measures pressure relative to some fixed pressure rather than the ambient atmospheric pressure (which varies according to the location and the weather).

 

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